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目的了解南阳市汉冶社区老年人跌倒现状,探讨南阳市汉冶社区老年人跌倒的流行病学特征,以及对其心理、生理、社会反应的影响,以便为社区预防老年跌倒措施的制定提供可靠依据。方法于2016年1~12月采用分层随机抽样法选取南阳市汉冶社区≥60岁1 730人作为调查对象,以实地走访面对面询问的方法收集资料,调查发生跌倒情况及其跌倒所致后果。结果2016年南阳市汉冶社区老年人跌倒发生率为21.04%(364/1 730),其中男性发生率为18.31%,女性发生率为23.29%,女性高于男性(P<0.05);独居老人跌倒发生率为28.01%,明显高于非独居老人(16.96%)(P<0.05);60~、65~、70~、75~、80~、85~95岁跌倒发生率分别为11.50%、19.02%、22.09%、24.24%、25.57%和27.87%,随着年龄的增长,跌倒发生率也随之增长;6:00~8:00、12:00~14:00、18:00~21:00各时间段跌倒发生最多,占总跌倒例数的64.01%;1~3、10~12月跌倒发生最多,占总跌倒例数的71.15%;室外较室内发生率高,其中在马路、楼梯、公共厕所、卧室、室内卫生间、客厅跌倒最高(68.41%);37.91%跌倒致伤,其中35.51%发生皮肤擦伤,26.81%发生骨折,2.17%发生颅脑损伤,21.01%发生软组织挫伤,15.38%接受住院治疗,98.08%对跌倒产生心理阴影。结论南阳市汉冶社区老年人跌倒发生率较高。
Objective To understand the current status of the elderly in Han Community in Nanyang City and to explore the epidemiological characteristics of the elderly in Han Community in Nanyang City and their impact on their psychology, physiology and social reactions so as to provide reliable evidence for community prevention of elderly falls in accordance with. Methods From January to December in 2016, stratified random sampling method was used to select 1 730 people aged 60 or above in Hanye Community of Nanyang City as the survey subjects. Data were collected by on-the-spot visits to face-to-face interrogation to investigate the incidence of falls and the consequences of falls . Results The incidence of falls among Han elderly people in Nanyang City was 21.04% (364/1 730) in 2016, of which 18.31% were male, 23.29% were female, and female was higher than male (P <0.05) The incidence of falls was 28.01%, which was significantly higher than that of non-living elderly (16.96%) (P <0.05). The incidence of falls was 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85-95 years old were 11.50% 19.02%, 22.09%, 24.24%, 25.57% and 27.87% respectively. The incidence of falls also increased with age. From 6:00 to 8:00, from 12:00 to 14:00 and from 18:00 to 21 : 00 The fall occurred most frequently in each time period, accounting for 64.01% of the total number of fall cases; the fall occurred most frequently in 1 ~ 3 and 10 ~ December, accounting for 71.15% of the total number of fall cases; the indoor incidence rate was higher in outdoor areas, 37.51% fall injuries, 35.51% skin abrasions, 26.81% fractures, 2.17% craniocerebral injury, 21.01% soft tissue contusion, 15.38% were hospitalized, 98.08% had a psychological shadow on the fall. Conclusion The incidence of falls among Han elderly people in Nanyang City is higher.