若并发于肺炎的胸腔积液胸水量较大，细菌培养阳性，则称为复杂的胸腔渗出液（ＣＰＥ）。ＣＰＥ需及时处理，否则易致胸膜腔纤维渗出、化脓、机化。本文重点介绍ＣＰＥ的抗生素治疗、胸腔闭式引流、影像技术导向下的经皮穿刺插管引流、胸膜腔内的纤溶制剂治疗、胸腔镜下治疗、胸膜剥脱术、开放式胸腔引流等治疗方法，并对ＣＰＥ形成的病理生理学机理、诊断作了简要介绍。 If pleural effusion complicated by pneumonia pleural effusion large, positive bacterial culture, is called complex pleural exudate (CPE). CPE need to be handled in time, otherwise easy to cause pleural effusion, suppuration, machine. This article focuses on the treatment of CPE antibiotics, closed thoracic drainage, percutaneous catheter drainage under the guidance of imaging technology, fibrinolytic agents in the pleural cavity, thoracoscopic surgery, pleural exfoliation, open chest drainage and other treatment methods , And the pathophysiology of CPE formed a diagnosis, made a brief introduction.