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目的探讨经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石术微创治疗上尿路结石的效果。方法应用气压弹道技术通过经皮肾镜通道治疗20例肾结石、45例输尿管上段结石患者。结果肾结石一期粉碎排净17例,3例有残石经体外冲击波和药物排石;输尿管结石均一期粉碎排净,结石清除率100%。患者术后均恢复顺利,未发生术中大出血、邻近器官损伤、气液胸、肾输尿管穿孔等严重并发症。结论经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石是治疗肾及输尿管上段结石安全有效的首选治疗手段,绝大多数患者能够避免开放手术。
Objective To investigate the effect of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on upper urinary calculi. Methods Gas pressure ballistic technique was used to treat 20 cases of renal calculi and 45 cases of upper ureteral calculi with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Results In the first stage of renal calculi, 17 cases were screened out, 3 cases had residual stone with extracorporeal shock wave and drug rowing stones, and the ureteral stones were evenly crushed and cleared in one stage. The stone clearance rate was 100%. All patients recovered well after surgery without major intraoperative hemorrhage, adjacent organ damage, gas-liquid thoracic and renal ureter perforation and other serious complications. Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotracheal lithotripsy is the safe and effective first choice for the treatment of upper ureter and upper ureter stones. Most patients can avoid open surgery.