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生物钟参与调控植物所有的生长阶段和发育活动。维持植物生物钟稳定的基因在这一过程中起着决定性作用。在克隆了ES1(EARLY SENESCENCE 1)基因并证明该基因影响水稻(Oryza sativa)叶片失水的基础上,以前期分离得到的水稻突变体es1-1作为研究对象,对es1-1及其野生型(日本晴)苗期的地上部分和地下部分进行基因芯片分析。结果表明,es1-1主要的上调基因有42个,下调基因有14个,这些差异基因涉及24种代谢途径,包括调节水稻生物钟的途径(4个)、甲烷代谢途径(3个)和苯基丙氨酸代谢途径(3个)等。进一步对水稻生物钟相关基因进行表达图谱分析,结果表明,与野生型相比,es1-1中生物钟相关基因出现了不同程度的差异表达。对es1-1和野生型进行冷胁迫处理,结果表明es1-1表现更加耐冷,且冷处理后生物钟基因在日本晴(NPB)和es1-1中都表现出不同程度的差异表达。此外,在分蘖盛期接种白叶枯菌,发现es1-1对特定的白叶枯菌具有一定的抗性。由此推测ES1基因参与调控水稻生物钟基因的表达以及响应水稻部分逆境胁迫,这为更深入研究水稻生物钟基因提供了新线索。
The biological clock is involved in the regulation of all plant growth stages and developmental activities. The genes that maintain the plant’s biological clock stability play a decisive role in this process. Based on the cloning of ES1 (EARLY SENESCENCE 1) gene and its genetic effects on the water loss of Oryza sativa leaves, the rice mutant es1-1 isolated from the previous study was used to study the effects of es1-1 and its wild type (Nipponbare) seedling aerial parts and underground parts for gene chip analysis. The results showed that es1-1 had 42 major up-regulated genes and 14 down-regulated genes. These differential genes involved in 24 metabolic pathways, including four pathways regulating rice circadian clock, three methane metabolic pathways, and phenyl Alanine metabolic pathway (3) and so on. Further analysis of the expression patterns of genes related to the circadian clock showed that the circadian clock-associated genes of es1-1 were differentially expressed in varying degrees compared with the wild type. Cold-stress treatment of es1-1 and wild-type showed that es1-1 was more resistant to cold, and the circadian clock genes showed differential expression to some extent in both Nipponbare (NPB) and es1-1 after cold treatment. In addition, during the tillering stage inoculation of Bacillus subtilis, es1-1 was found to have a specific resistance to X. pertussis. It was speculated that ES1 gene involved in the regulation of rice circadian clock gene expression and response to partial rice stress, which provided a new clues for further study of rice circadian clock gene.