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近年来,由于外汇紧张、对外采购受到限制。进口备(配)件价格昂贵并逐年上涨以及进口手续繁复(周期一般为6个月以上)等原因,影响到进口设备的正常运转和维修,特别是关键设备,一旦停机,便造成全线停产。因而,企业不得不花费大量资金超额储备一些零部件,对有些突然损坏的零件,只好以超过正常价格几倍的外币空运,以应急需。
In recent years, foreign exchange purchases have been limited due to tight foreign exchange. Imported equipment is expensive and rising year by year, and import procedures are complex (periods are generally more than six months), which affects the normal operation and maintenance of imported equipment, especially key equipment. Once the equipment is shut down, production will be halted across the board. Therefore, companies have to spend a lot of money to over-stock some spare parts. For parts that have suddenly been damaged, they have to airfreight in foreign currency that is several times the normal price to meet emergency needs.