论文部分内容阅读
中药材仓库养护近年来常采用磷化铝作为熏蒸杀虫剂,效果良好。但该药毒性大、挥散时间长。为此,我们从1986年起试行了速效法,经1986年小库试验,1987年全面采用,证明该法速效、高效、残毒少、费用省、操作简便,挥散时间短,环境污染达到国家允许标准,供试中药材全部安全度过虫霉季节。一、磷化铝速效法作用原理AlP+4CH_3COOH+NH_4HCO_3→Al(CH_3COO)_3+CH_3COONH_4+CO_2↑+H_2O+PH_3+△H(热量)实际操作时各药比例见表5磷化铝的杀虫机制是反应后释出的有毒气体磷化氢,通过仓虫的呼吸系统进入虫体组织,强烈抑制其胆碱酯酶的活性,使虫体内积累大量乙酰胆碱,从而中毒死亡。
In recent years, the maintenance of traditional Chinese medicine warehouses often uses aluminum phosphide as a fumigation insecticide with good results. However, the drug is highly toxic and has a long time to disperse. To this end, we have implemented the quick-impact method since 1986. After the 1986 small-library experiment, it was fully adopted in 1987. This proves that this method is quick, efficient, minimally toxic, cost-saving, easy to operate, has a short flying time, and has achieved environmental pollution. Permitting standards, all Chinese herbal medicines were tested for the safety of the insecticide season. First, the aluminum phosphide quick-acting method of action principle AlP + 4CH_3COOH + NH_4HCO_3 → Al (CH_3COO) _3 + CH_3COONH_4 + CO2 ↑ + H_2O + PH_3 + △ H (heat) the actual operation of the ratio of the drugs see Table 5 aluminum phosphide insecticidal mechanism It is the toxic gas phosphine released after the reaction. It enters the worm tissue through the respiratory system of the worm and strongly inhibits the activity of the acetylcholinesterase, causing a large amount of acetylcholine to accumulate in the worm, thus causing poisoning to die.