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约翰·奥斯丁(John Austin,1790—1859)是英国著名的法理学家、分析法学派的奠基人。由于他师承边沁,深受影响,所以,又称分析法学为功利主义法学。分析法学是十九世纪三十年代在英国兴起的。在当时的英国,资产阶级的政治统治业已稳定,但由于1825年工商业危机和农业歉收,城乡的阶级斗争逐渐尖锐化,从而爆发了工人罢工、农民反抗领主的斗争和城市贫民暴动。正当这种反抗行动被统治阶级镇压下去的时候,代表统治阶级利益的奥斯丁,不同意用传统的自然法概念来讲法律,并以功利主义原则
John Austin (1790-1859) is a famous British jurisprudence and founder of Analytical Law School. Because of his teacher Cheng Bentham, deeply affected, therefore, also known as analytical law as utilitarian jurisprudence. Analytical jurisprudence emerged in Britain in the 1930s. At the time, the political rule of the bourgeoisie in the United Kingdom was stable. However, due to the crisis in business and agriculture and the failure of agriculture in 1825, the class struggle in urban and rural areas gradually sharpened, leading to the strike of workers, the struggle of peasants against lords and the riot of the urban poor. Just as such resistance was suppressed by the ruling class, Austin, who represented the interests of the ruling class, disagreed with the traditional concept of natural law as a law and relied on the principle of utilitarianism