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移植(transplantation)是指除血液以外的其他细胞、组织或器官的转移。 移植物(graft)是指被转移的细胞、组织或器官。 供体(donor)是指提供移植物的个体。 受体(recipient)是指接受移植物的个体。 自体移植(autograft)是指将移植物从同一个体的一个部位移至另一部位,如临床上的自体植皮。 同系或同基因移植(isograft或syngraft)是指遗传背景完全相同的个体之间的移植,如临床上同卵双生子之间的移植。 同种移植(allograft)是指同一种属中遗传背景不同的个体之间的移植,临床上除同卵双生子,其他个体之间的移植大多属于这一类。 异种移植(xenograft)是指不同种属之间的移植,如将动物脏器移植给人类。
Transplantation refers to the transfer of cells, tissues or organs other than blood. Graft refers to the cell, tissue or organ to be transferred. Donor refers to an individual that provides a graft. Recipient refers to an individual who receives a transplant. Autograft refers to moving a graft from one part of the same individual to another, as in clinical autologous skin grafts. Homologous or homologous transplantation (isograft or syngraft) refers to the transplant between individuals with identical genetic background, such as transplantation between identical identical twins. Allograft refers to the transplantation of individuals of the same genus with different genetic backgrounds. In clinical practice, allografts share identical twins and most of the other individuals belong to this category. Xenograft refers to the transplantation between different species, such as the transplantation of animal organs to humans.