一、预测井下火灾的重要性 煤矿由于发生火灾,造成生产成本高,产量下降、设备和煤炭损失大,很多井下工作人员的健康和生命受到威胁。在防火方面由于采取了一些有效措施,近几年来,在Zwickau—Oelsnitzer煤矿取得了一定的成绩。如果以1960年火灾发生率为100％(即火灾发生次数同煤量之比),则火灾发生率的变化如下:1961年为47％;1962年为72％;1963年为54％;1964年为22％;1965年为29％;1966年为11％;1967年为28％。 特别是对井下火灾的预测作了大量工作,下面扼要地介绍一些预测内因火灾的方法和仪器。 I. THE IMPORTANCE OF PREDICTING UNDERGROUND FIRE Because of the fires in coal mines, the production costs are high, output is declining, losses in equipment and coal are large, and the health and lives of many underground workers are threatened. In the field of fire protection, some effective measures have been taken and certain achievements have been made at the Zwickau-Oelsnitzer coal mine in recent years. If the incidence of fires in 1960 was 100% (ie, the number of fires compared to the amount of coal), the changes in the incidence of fires were as follows: 47% in 1961; 72% in 1962; 54% in 1963; 1964 At 22%; 1965 at 29%; 1966 at 11%; 1967 at 28%. In particular, a great deal of work has been done on the prediction of downhole fires. The following is a brief introduction of some methods and instruments for predicting internal fires.