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一、概念及构成
英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。
被动语态的构成为：be+及物动词的过去分词。其中be动词为助动词，在句子中有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则和be动词作为连系动词时完全一样。
例如： English is spoken by many people in the world.
二、用法
1.各种时态的被动语态的构成
2.含有情态动词的被动语态的句型
（1）肯定形式：主语+情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词。
Trees should be planted in spring.
(2) 否定形式：主语+情态动词的否定形式 + be +及物动词的过去分词。
Teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to drive a car.
(3) 疑问形式：情态动词 + 主语 + be +及物动词的过去分词？
Should the room be cleaned today by them?
Yes，it should./ No，it shouldn’t.
三、主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.一般情况，（1）将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语；（2）动词改为被动形式，即：be +过去分词；（3）把主动结构的主语变为被动结构的宾语并在它的前面加上介词by，如果没有必要，也可以省略不写。
例如： Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)
2.含有双宾语的被动语态可以将其中的任何一个宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
例如： He lent me a bike.→ I was lent a bike ( by him).
或：A bike was lent to me ( by him).
他借给我一辆自行车。
3.若句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾补的时候， 变为被动语态时需将主动语态句子的宾语改为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语的位置不变。
例如：I call her Mary. → She is called Mary by me.
我叫她玛丽。
注意：若主动语态的宾语补足语是省略to的不定式时， 变成被动语态的时候需要将to加上。
例如： I make her clean the classroom every day.→She is made to clean the room by me every day.
强化训练
单项选择题
( ) 1.I _________ to have a part-time job.
A.am not allow B.not allow C.don’t allow D.am not allowed
( ) 2.These books should _________ to the library on time.
A.send B.be returned C.give back D.get back
( ) 3.The sun _________ at night .
A.can be seenB.can’t seeC.can’t be seen D.doesn’t see
( ) 4.Smoking _________ in the cinema.Please stop _________.
A.allows，to smokeB.is allowed，smoking
C.isn’t allowed，smokingD.isn’t，to smoke
( ) 5.Good books _________ again and again.
A.should be readed B.should be read
C.must readD.may read
( ) 6.The bad food _________.It is bad for your health.
A.must eat B.must be eaten
C.shouldn’t eatD.shouldn’t be eaten
( ) 7.She was heard _________ a song at the party.
A.sing B.to sing C.singingD.sang
( ) 8.A present _________ to me yesterday.
A.giveB.is givenC.was given D.is giving
( ) 9.A report about Chinese history _________ in our school next week.
A.will be given B.is given C.was given D.given
( ) 10.The classroom _________.It is clean now.
A.cleaned B.is cleaned C.clean D.has been cleaned
Keys:
词语点睛：
1.is afraid of singing 2.understanding 3.make the same mistake 4.by mistake 5.mistook her for her sister
6.is afraid of 7.I am afraid 8.will get into trouble 9.to trouble you 10.the fewer mistakes
被动语态：
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D
英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。
被动语态的构成为：be+及物动词的过去分词。其中be动词为助动词，在句子中有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则和be动词作为连系动词时完全一样。
例如： English is spoken by many people in the world.
二、用法
1.各种时态的被动语态的构成
2.含有情态动词的被动语态的句型
（1）肯定形式：主语+情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词。
Trees should be planted in spring.
(2) 否定形式：主语+情态动词的否定形式 + be +及物动词的过去分词。
Teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to drive a car.
(3) 疑问形式：情态动词 + 主语 + be +及物动词的过去分词？
Should the room be cleaned today by them?
Yes，it should./ No，it shouldn’t.
三、主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.一般情况，（1）将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语；（2）动词改为被动形式，即：be +过去分词；（3）把主动结构的主语变为被动结构的宾语并在它的前面加上介词by，如果没有必要，也可以省略不写。
例如： Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)
2.含有双宾语的被动语态可以将其中的任何一个宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
例如： He lent me a bike.→ I was lent a bike ( by him).
或：A bike was lent to me ( by him).
他借给我一辆自行车。
3.若句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾补的时候， 变为被动语态时需将主动语态句子的宾语改为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语的位置不变。
例如：I call her Mary. → She is called Mary by me.
我叫她玛丽。
注意：若主动语态的宾语补足语是省略to的不定式时， 变成被动语态的时候需要将to加上。
例如： I make her clean the classroom every day.→She is made to clean the room by me every day.
强化训练
单项选择题
( ) 1.I _________ to have a part-time job.
A.am not allow B.not allow C.don’t allow D.am not allowed
( ) 2.These books should _________ to the library on time.
A.send B.be returned C.give back D.get back
( ) 3.The sun _________ at night .
A.can be seenB.can’t seeC.can’t be seen D.doesn’t see
( ) 4.Smoking _________ in the cinema.Please stop _________.
A.allows，to smokeB.is allowed，smoking
C.isn’t allowed，smokingD.isn’t，to smoke
( ) 5.Good books _________ again and again.
A.should be readed B.should be read
C.must readD.may read
( ) 6.The bad food _________.It is bad for your health.
A.must eat B.must be eaten
C.shouldn’t eatD.shouldn’t be eaten
( ) 7.She was heard _________ a song at the party.
A.sing B.to sing C.singingD.sang
( ) 8.A present _________ to me yesterday.
A.giveB.is givenC.was given D.is giving
( ) 9.A report about Chinese history _________ in our school next week.
A.will be given B.is given C.was given D.given
( ) 10.The classroom _________.It is clean now.
A.cleaned B.is cleaned C.clean D.has been cleaned
Keys:
词语点睛：
1.is afraid of singing 2.understanding 3.make the same mistake 4.by mistake 5.mistook her for her sister
6.is afraid of 7.I am afraid 8.will get into trouble 9.to trouble you 10.the fewer mistakes
被动语态：
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D