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1型糖尿病(type 1 diabetes mellitus,T1DM)是由胰腺组织炎性破坏引起的一种自身免疫病。由于T1DM与自身免疫多腺体综合征(APS)可能有共同的易感基因,故T1DM患者常合并其他自身免疫性疾病。APS可分为I-IV型,各型中均可包含T1DM,其中以APSⅢ型[T1DM与自身免疫性甲状腺病(AITD)共存]最常见。因此,所有初发的和每两年一次复查的T1DM患者,均需要对其他内分泌腺体和胃肠病做血清学和功能筛查,以及早发现尚未出现临床症状的APS。一旦发生APS,T1DM患者的胰岛素治疗和血糖控制将受到影响。因此,必须根据具体情况调整治疗方案。
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the inflammatory destruction of pancreatic tissue. Because T1DM and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) may share common susceptibility genes, T1DM patients often have other autoimmune diseases. APS can be divided into I-IV type, each type can contain T1DM, of which APS type III [T1DM and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) coexisting] the most common. Therefore, all patients with newly diagnosed and birthed T1DM require serological and functional screening of other endocrine glands and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as the early detection of APS with no clinical signs. Once APS occurs, insulin therapy and glycemic control in T1DM patients will be affected. Therefore, the treatment plan must be adjusted according to the specific circumstances.