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近年来，对角膜碱烧伤的免疫学研究已取得进展。目前虽不能确切阐明角膜碱烧伤免疫反应的机理，但也揭示了角膜局部细胞免疫及体液免疫的参与情况，并通过实验证实了角膜碱烧伤后角膜蛋白变性及刺激机体产生相应抗体的能力。同样，角膜中抗原递呈细胞的增多、ＭＨＣ—Ⅱ类抗原的显著表达，为免疫反应的启动及进展奠定了物质基础。免疫抑制措施的疗效，为更好地阐明免疫参与机制提供了间接依据。
In recent years, immunological research on corneal alkali burn has made progress. Although the mechanism of corneal alkali burns immune response can not be elucidated at present, the involvement of corneal local cellular immunity and humoral immunity is also revealed. The corneal protein denaturation after corneal alkali burn and the ability of stimulating the body to produce the corresponding antibodies are confirmed through experiments. Similarly, the presence of antigen presenting cells in the cornea and the significant expression of MHC class II antigens have laid the material foundation for the initiation and progression of the immune response. The efficacy of immunosuppressive measures provides an indirect basis for better elucidation of immune participation mechanisms.