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采用全程密闭通气法研究了山东省四种主要土壤类型 (棕壤 ,褐土 ,潮土和砂姜黑土 ) ,尿素和碳酸氢铵表施后的氨挥发特点。结果表明 :碳酸氢铵初始的氨挥发强度大于尿素 ,而氨挥发总量小于尿素 ,尿素在四种类型土壤上铵挥发强度次序为 :褐土 >潮土≈砂姜黑 >棕壤 ,氨挥发总量次序为 :褐土 >潮土≈砂姜黑土 >棕壤 ;碳酸氨氢在四种类型土壤上氨挥发强度次序为 :褐土 >潮土≈砂姜黑土 >棕壤 ,挥发总量次序为 :褐土 >棕壤 >潮土≈砂姜黑土。影响氨挥发的因素主要有 :氮素形态 ,土壤 pH、CEC、粘粒含量和粘土矿物类型、有机质含量等 ,但在不同土壤中其影响的主导因素又有较大差异。
The characteristics of ammonia volatilization after the top application of four major soil types (brown earth, cinnamon soil, alluvial soil and saprolite black soil), urea and ammonium bicarbonate in Shandong Province were studied by the full airtight aeration method. The results showed that the initial ammonia volatilization of ammonium bicarbonate was greater than that of urea and the total amount of ammonia volatilization was less than that of urea. The order of ammonium volatilization of urea in four types of soils was Cinnamon soil> Chao soil ≈ sago black> brown soil, ammonia volatilization The order of the total amount is: cinnamon soil> tidal soil ≈ sagojon soil> brown soil; ammonia ammonia carbonates in four types of soil ammonia volatilization intensity order: cinnamon soil> tidal soil ≈ sago lime soil> brown soil, total volatile order For: Cinnamon> brown soil> Chao soil ≈ lime ginger black soil. The main influencing factors of ammonia volatilization are nitrogen form, soil pH, CEC, clay content, clay mineral type and organic matter content, but the main influencing factors of ammonia volatilization are quite different in different soils.