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目的了解河南省2010—2014年成人麻疹发病的流行病学特征,为制定成人麻疹的预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法对河南省2010年1月1日—2014年12月31日的成人麻疹个案资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2010—2014年河南省累计报告麻疹病例4 850例,年均发病率为1.03/10万。其中,成人麻疹670例,占总数的13.81%,年均发病率为0.18/10万,成人发病率波动在0.03/10万~0.38/10万之间,成人麻疹发病率呈周期性波动,不同年份成人麻疹发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2—5月为季节高峰,占成人病例总数的62.99%;男女之比为1∶1.26,发病以工人、农民和民工为主,占65.67%;发病年龄主要以20~34岁组为主,占63.58%。免疫史不详的有367例,占发病数的54.78%,无免疫史的有237例,占发病数的35.37%。结论河南省成人麻疹发病率呈现上升趋势,建议对流动人口集中的企业、村镇实施麻疹疫苗补充免疫政策,同时建议对育龄期妇女进行麻疹疫苗接种,提高婴幼儿母传抗体水平。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of adult measles in Henan Province from 2010 to 2014 and provide a reference for the development of adult measles prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of adult measles cases from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014 in Henan Province was conducted. Results A total of 4 850 measles cases were reported in Henan Province during 2010-2014, with an average annual incidence of 1.03 / 100,000. Among them, adult measles 670 cases, accounting for 13.81% of the total, with an average annual incidence of 0.18 / 100 000, adult morbidity fluctuations between 0.03 / 100,000 to 0.38 / 100,000, the incidence of adult measles was cyclical fluctuations in different The incidence of measles in the year was significantly different (P <0.05); the peak was in the season of February to May, accounting for 62.99% of the total number of adult cases; the ratio of male to female was 1: 1.26. The incidence was mainly of workers, peasants and migrant workers, Accounting for 65.67%; the age of onset mainly in the 20 to 34 age group, accounting for 63.58%. 367 cases of unknown history of immunization, accounting for 54.78% of the number of cases, no history of immunization, 237 cases, accounting for 35.37% of the number of cases. Conclusion The incidence of adult measles in Henan Province is on the rise. It is suggested that enterprises and villages with floating population should implement the measles vaccine supplementary immunization policy. At the same time, it is suggested to vaccinate women of childbearing age to improve the level of maternal antibodies.