玉米赤霉穗腐是由玉米赤霉菌(Gibberella zeae)引起的,其有性世代为Fusarium graminearum(禾谷镰刀孢)。玉米穗腐病每年在美国大多数地区发生,但1965年和1972年于中西部大流行,通常有两种霉菌毒素,玉米赤霉烯酮F_2毒素和呕吐毒素与穗腐有关。玉米赤霉烯酮F_2毒素引起动物雌激素增强,呕吐毒素为一种引起猪呕吐和拒食的细胞毒素单端孢 Gibberella zeizum is caused by the Gibberella zeae and its sexual generation is Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum). Corn ear rot occurs annually in most parts of the United States, but in 1965 and 1972, in the central and western pandemic, there were usually two mycotoxins, zearalenone F_2 and DON, associated with ear rot. Zearalenone F_2 toxin causes animal estrogen to be enhanced, and DON is a kind of cytotoxin that causes swine vomiting and antifeedant