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目的:探讨高血压患者血压水平与危险因素的相关性,为不同程度高血压患者的护理提供可靠的理论依据。方法:选取高血压患者150例,根据血压1级、2级、3级水平将患者分为A组45例、B组58例和C组47例,再分别对患者进行危险因素调查,分析血压水平与年龄、体重指数(BMI)、吸烟史、饮酒史、饮食习惯、运动、睡眠质量、性格类型、用药依从性等危险因素的相关性,并采用Logistic回归分析。结果:C组睡眠质量、饮食习惯、用药依从性明显差于A、B组(P<0.05),高血压水平与睡眠质量、饮食习惯、用药依从性存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论:患者血压波动性大,控制较差,与用药依从性差、睡眠质量差、高盐高脂饮食等有密切关系。为了有效控制血压,应提高患者的用药依从性,加强对患者的健康教育和监督管理,对危险因素进行综合性的护理干预。
Objective: To investigate the correlation between blood pressure and risk factors in patients with essential hypertension and to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the nursing of patients with different degrees of hypertension. Methods: One hundred and fifty patients with hypertension were selected and divided into 45 cases in group A, 58 cases in group B and 47 cases in group C according to the first, second and third level of blood pressure. Then the risk factors were investigated in each group and the blood pressure Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between level and age, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, alcohol drinking history, diet, exercise, sleep quality, personality type, medication adherence and other risk factors. Results: The sleep quality, eating habits and medication adherence in group C were significantly lower than those in group A and B (P <0.05). The correlation between hypertension and sleep quality, eating habits and medication adherence was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The blood pressure of patients with large fluctuations, poor control, poor compliance with medication, poor quality of sleep, high-salt, high-fat diet are closely related. In order to effectively control blood pressure, patients should be improved medication compliance, to enhance patient health education and supervision and management of risk factors for comprehensive nursing intervention.