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随着工业技术的发展,对产品往往要求百分之百地检验,因而不仅抽样破坏检查不能满足,而且一般无损检验方法如超声、涡流、磁性法、萤光和X光等,虽对产品作了百分之百的检查,但由于不能说明产品在动载荷下的状况,也难免在使用中发生意外。从辩证的观点来看,材料带有缺陷是绝对的,所谓“无缺陷”只能是相对的。就连目前认为最完整的单晶结构,也不可避免地有位错和镶嵌结构等存在。因此检验的目的就是要回答:被验的对象对其预定的用途能否胜任?判定在使用过程中那一个是危险的伤。
With the development of industrial technology, the products are often required to be 100% tested. Therefore, not only the sample destruction inspection can not be satisfied, but the general non-destructive testing methods such as ultrasonic, eddy current, magnetic method, fluorescent and X-ray, Check, but because it can not explain the product under dynamic load conditions, it is inevitable in the use of accidents. From a dialectical point of view, material with defects is absolute, the so-called “no defects ” can only be relative. Even currently considered the most complete single crystal structure, but also inevitably there are dislocations and mosaic structures. Therefore, the purpose of the test is to answer: Is the test subject responsible for its intended use? It is determined that the one in use is a dangerous one.