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磁脉冲铆接技术具有高加载速率、稳定干涉配合量等优势,广泛应用于航空、航天领域。以汽车车架装配潜在技术需求为背景,重点分析了螺栓连接结构(螺接结构)和磁脉冲铆接结构(铆接结构)的抗剪切强度和疲劳寿命,用以研究铆接结构代替螺接结构的可行性。研究结果表明铆接结构的剪切强度比铆钉原始强度提升14%。剪切断裂位置位于铆接板交界面,而疲劳断裂位置在半圆头与钉杆交界处;断口微观组织分析表明铆接结构剪切断面和疲劳断面均存在沿剪切方向拉长的塑性韧窝。磁脉冲铆接结构较螺接结构,抗剪切性能提高了38.5%,而疲劳寿命高于螺接3.65倍以上。单纯从紧固件价格方面对比,采用磁脉冲铆接技术可节省42%,而从紧固件重量和制孔去料重量方面对比,净减重量高达67%。
Magnetic pulse riveting technology with high loading rate, the amount of interference and other stability and interference, are widely used in aviation, aerospace field. Taking the potential technical requirements of automobile frame assembly as the background, the anti-shear strength and fatigue life of bolted structure (spiral structure) and magnetic pulse riveted structure (riveted structure) are analyzed emphatically, to study the effect of riveted structure instead of bolted structure feasibility. The results show that the shear strength of the riveted structure is 14% higher than the original strength of the rivet. The location of the shear fracture is located at the interface of the riveted plate, and the location of the fatigue fracture is at the junction of the semicircular head and the nail rod. The microstructure analysis of the fracture shows that there are plastic dimples elongated in the shear direction in both the shear section and the fatigue section. Magnetic pulse riveting structure than the screw structure, anti-shear performance increased by 38.5%, while the fatigue life is higher than the screw 3.65 times. In contrast to fastener prices alone, magnetic pulse riveting saves 42% of the cost, compared to a net reduction of 67% in fastener weight and hole-to-hole weight.