一、引言计算机经过四十年来的发展,其性能已有六、七个数量级的提高。亿次巨型机的出现虽然极大地推进了许多科学领域的研究,但仍满足不了现代科学工程计算、数值模拟和数字仿真、现代化大生产(CAM)等诸方面的需要,大量三维模型问题的计算机还几乎没有开展起来。据拥有七台巨型机系统的劳伦茨实验室的戴维宣称他们的问题需要在现有的巨型机上运行500～1000小时,而近年来像美国的战略防卸计划、西欧的尤尼卡计划、日本的智能工程和FGCS 计划以及我国的高科技跟踪计划都对超高性能的计算机提出了迫切的要求,美、日、欧 I. INTRODUCTION After forty years of computer development, its performance has been increased by six or seven orders of magnitude. The emergence of one hundred millionth supercomputer has greatly promoted the research in many scientific fields, but it still can not meet the needs of modern scientific engineering calculation, numerical simulation and digital simulation, modernized large-scale production (CAM) and so on, and the computer with a large number of three-dimensional model problems It is almost never done. According to David Lorentz, who owns seven supercomputer systems, claiming that their problems will require 500 to 1,000 hours of operation on existing supercomputers, and in recent years like the U.S. strategic anti-dumping plan and the Western Europe’s Unika plan Japan’s intelligent engineering and FGCS programs and our country’s high-tech tracking programs put forward urgent requirements on ultra-high-performance computers. The United States, Japan, and Europe