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甲型猪源性流感病毒属正粘病毒科,其可引起猪、禽和人的上呼吸道感染。2009年3月在美国和墨西哥的流感样患者的呼吸道标本中检测出新的不能分型的甲型流感病毒,并经确认为甲型H1N1流感病毒(简称2009甲型H1N1流感病毒)。这种病毒在美国和墨西哥引起暴发流行,并蔓延到世界各地,引起一些感染者死亡。文中综述了2009甲型H1N1流感病毒在基因分型、抗原特征、传播特点、致病特点、治疗等方面与已知各流感病毒不同的特征。
Type A swine influenza viruses are Orthomyxoviridae that cause upper respiratory tract infections in pigs, birds and humans. In March 2009, a new non-typed influenza A virus was detected in respiratory specimens of influenza-like patients in the United States and Mexico and was confirmed as Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (H1N1). The virus caused an outbreak in the United States and Mexico and spread around the world, killing some of the infected. This paper summarizes the different characteristics of 2009 H1N1 influenza virus from known influenza viruses in terms of genotyping, antigen characteristics, transmission characteristics, pathogenic characteristics, treatment and so on.