自20世纪70年代末期始,德国社会呈现理性思维被否定、主体意识丧失、社会生活碎片化等“后现代”特征,并蔓延至剧场艺术领域。由于“现实主义戏剧并不真实。幻觉方式不能使人得到真实,而正相反,它蒙蔽意识,使人意识不到真实”~[1]。因此,德国一些戏剧家开始在探寻达到现实真实的剧场艺术。罗兰·施梅芬妮(Roland Schimmelpfennig)兼具导演与艺术创作的双重身份,不再将剧场艺术的各种表现手段视为工具,而是作 Since the late 1970s, German society has been characterized by the rejection of rational thinking, the loss of subject consciousness and the fragmentation of social life, which have spread to the field of theater art. Because “realistic drama is not real, the illusionary approach can not make people real, but on the contrary, it deceives people and makes them unconscious”. [1] Therefore, some German dramatists began to explore realistic theatrical art. Roland Schimmelpfennig combines the dual identities of director and art creation, no longer treating various means of performance in theater arts as a tool,