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目的观察大鼠慢传输型便秘动物模型结肠壁超微结构,揭示慢传输型便秘的发病机制。方法利用中药大黄制作大鼠慢传输型便秘动物模型,电镜观察大鼠结肠壁形态结构的变化。结果光镜下与对照组相比,大黄组表现为粘膜慢性炎症;全层大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润;肌层胶原纤维增生;肌间神经丛神经细胞空泡变性。电镜下大黄组与对照组相比,结肠肌间神经丛Ca jal间质细胞消失,神经元、胶质细胞退行性变。平滑肌细胞的肌纤维结构破坏,大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。结论大黄组结肠壁肌间神经丛出现明显的病理改变,神经递质产生及传递障碍,是慢传输型便秘的病理基础;以大黄为代表的刺激性泻剂可损伤肠神经系统。
Objective To observe the ultrastructure of the colonic wall of slow-transport constipation animal model in rats and reveal the pathogenesis of slow-transit constipation. Methods The rat model of chronic transmission constipation was made with rhubarb. The morphological changes of the colonic wall were observed by electron microscope. Results Compared with the control group under light microscope, the rhubarb group showed chronic mucosal inflammation; a large number of eosinophil infiltrates in the whole layer; collagen fibrosis in the muscle layer; and vacuolar degeneration of nerve cells in the myenteric plexus. Under electron microscope, compared with the control group, the Ca jal interstitial cells in the colon myenteric plexus disappeared, and the neurons and glial cells degenerated. The muscle fiber structure of smooth muscle cells is destroyed and a large number of eosinophils infiltrate. Conclusions Obvious pathological changes in the myenteric plexus of the colonic wall of the rhubarb group, the production and transmission of neurotransmitters are the pathological basis of slow transmission constipation, and the irritant laxative represented by rhubarb can damage the enteric nervous system.