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针对航天器用氢镍蓄电池寿命预估问题,采用40 Ah氢镍蓄电池在40%DOD、60%DOD和80%DOD下进行了充放电循环寿命试验,对循环到1300周次的蓄电池和其中的镍电极进行了破坏性物理分析和性能测试,结果表明:随着放电深度的增加,镍电极发生了膨胀和基板腐蚀,两者共同导致镍电极孔率增多,抢吸隔膜内的电解液;同时镍极片的导电网络变差,电极的可逆性变差;上述两个原因最终导致电池性能发生衰减,规律性比较明显。加速寿命公式的验证表明,值为3的加速因子是合理的。
Aiming at the problem of estimating the service life of nickel-metal hydride batteries used in spacecraft, the charge-discharge cycle life test was carried out on 40 Ah D-Ni battery at 40% DOD, 60% DOD and 80% DOD. The results of destructive physical analysis and performance test show that with the increase of discharge depth, the nickel electrode expands and the substrate is corroded. Both of them lead to the increase of the porosity of the nickel electrode and the snagging of the electrolyte in the separator. At the same time, The conductive network of the pole piece deteriorates, and the reversibility of the electrode deteriorates. The above two reasons eventually cause the battery performance to decay, and the regularity is obvious. Validation of the accelerated lifetime formula shows that an acceleration factor of 3 is reasonable.