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一、棺·椁的概念棺是为死者置备的基本葬具,通常以木造箱形直方体为主,直接收纳遗体及少数随身装饰品。“棺”与“关”同音偕意,表示关闭或终结。随着社会发展变化,为能够有效埋纳木棺及多量随葬品,古人又先后创设出两种具有中国传统特色的埋葬设施,即竖穴原理的椁和横穴原理的室。这两种在空间结构上截然不同的墓葬形制,标志着中国丧葬思想礼仪的传统和革新[1]。所谓椁,指收纳棺和随葬品的外箱构造,一般采用木材铺设底板,构筑四壁,再架设盖板而成。单一箱形空间为椁的最基本形制,而在箱型椁内设置纵横间隔板构成相互隔离的各
First, the concept of coffin 椁 The coffin is the basic burial supplies for the deceased, usually made of wooden box-shaped box-shaped body directly accept the body and a few portable accessories. “Coffin ” and “off ” homophonic agree, that close or end. With the social development and changes, in order to be able to effectively contain the wooden coffin and a large number of funerary objects, the ancients also successively created two kinds of burial facilities with Chinese traditional features, namely, the principle of the gill and the principle of the gondola. These two spatially distinct tombs shape the tradition and innovation of funeral rituals in China [1]. The so-called 椁, refers to the coffin and funerary goods storage box structure, the general use of timber laid floor, build four walls, and then erected from the cover. The single box-shaped space is the most basic shape of the box, while in the box-shaped box to set horizontal and vertical partitions to form the mutual isolation