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晚清时期,以梁启超为首的近代文人由倡导小说创作入手,掀起了一场探讨小说理论的热潮。晚清小说理论由政治启蒙开端,而后经“新民”、“改良社会”等,对社会政治问题的关注始终是其演化的主题。正是因为新小说理论对社会政治主题的提倡,晚清小说界才得以呈现出生机勃勃的繁盛局面。中国近代文人对社会政治主题的考察也渐从最初对政治功用型的侧重而迁移至对小说社会作用的关注,进而为现实主义小说的创作奠定了理论基础。
In the late Qing Dynasty, modern literati headed by Liang Qichao set about to promote novel creation, setting off a craze to explore the theory of novels. The theory of novels in the late Qing dynasty started with political enlightenment, and then focused on social and political issues through its theme of “Xinmin” and “improving society”. It is because of the advocacy of the new novels’ theory on the social and political themes that the fiction circles in the late Qing Dynasty can have a thriving and prosperous situation. In recent years, the investigation of the theme of social politics by modern Chinese scholars has gradually shifted from focusing on the political function to focusing on the social function of the novel, which has laid the theoretical foundation for the creation of realistic novels.