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在世界文明史上，古罗马从第伯河畔的一个小邦发展为一个版图广袤的大帝国，这不啻是一种“奇迹”。对此，历来为学界所关注与探究，但众说纷纭，颇多分歧。倘若我们转换一下视角，从古罗马政治文化这一视域对此作出考察，就会徒增新意，并有新的发现。古罗马所构建的政治文化别具一格，成为留给后世西方乃至世界的一项主要的历史遗产。文中所揭的政治文化，注重罗马民族的群体心态，落墨于罗马的民族精神等方面。这种政治文化主要表现在以下几个方面：１、质朴浑厚、讲究实效的民族特性；２、忠勇卫国、甘于牺牲的爱国精神；３、严肃法纪、注重秩序的法治观念。古罗马的这种政治文化对古罗马文明的生成、发展与衰亡曾产生过深刻的影响，显示出了广泛性、潜在性与变移性等特征，对后世具有深刻的与持久的影响力。
In the history of world civilization, it is a miracle that ancient Rome developed from a small state on the bank of the first river into a vast empire of territory. In this regard, the academic community has always been the concern and exploration, but different opinions, quite different. If we change our perspective and examine this from the perspective of ancient Roman political culture, we will find new ideas and new discoveries. The unique political culture built by ancient Rome has become a major historical legacy for the later generations of the West and the world. The political culture exposed in this article pays attention to the group mentality of the Roman nation and falls into the national spirit of Rome. This kind of political culture is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. Rustic simplicity and effectiveness of national characteristics; 2. The patriotic spirit of loyalty to defending the country and being willing to sacrifice; and 3. The notion of the rule of law that is serious about law and order and pays attention to order. This kind of political culture in ancient Rome had a profound impact on the formation, development and decline of the ancient Roman civilization. It showed the characteristics of universality, potential and transformation, and had a profound and lasting influence on future generations.