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所谓需求弹性是指由于价格变化而引起需求变化的灵敏程度。它是在市场经济条件下,研究商品价格与商品需求相互之间关系的一种理论。在社会主义计划经济条件下,特别是在邮电资费问题上,可借用其原理进行经济效果分析。人们的商品需求量与商品的价格有着密切的关系,如果其他条件不变,商品价格上涨,需求量就会减少。反之,需求量就会增加。他们两者关系曲线称需求曲线(如下图):
The so-called demand elasticity is due to price changes caused by the sensitivity of demand changes. It is a theory that studies the relationship between the commodity price and the commodity demand under the market economy condition. Under the planned economic conditions of the socialist economy, especially on the issue of tariffs on post and telecommunications, we can use the principle of economic analysis. People’s demand for commodities has a close relationship with the prices of commodities. If other conditions remain unchanged, the prices of commodities will decrease, and the demand will be reduced. On the contrary, the demand will increase. The relationship curve between them called the demand curve (below):