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在我国语言文字立法中,存在着语言文字权利保护需要一定的“硬法”规范而事实上却只予以“软法”规范的困境。语言文字权利具有私权和公权的双重属性,兼具积极权利和消极权利的特征。由于公民语言文字权利的私权和消极权利属性以及在权利行使中不自觉地遵循着隐性的语言文字义务法则,立法原则上对于公民语言文字权利及其行为宜采取“软法”规范模式;对于政府在语言文字方面的权限和职责,则需要以“硬法”规范模式设定;对于社会用语用字的规范则有必要在“软法”规范的基础上适当吸纳“硬法”规范。
In the legislation of Chinese language and script, there exists the dilemma of “hard law” in the protection of the rights of language and writing but in fact only “soft law” norms. Language and writing rights have the dual attributes of private rights and public rights, which have the characteristics of positive rights and negative rights. Due to the private and passive rights of citizens’ language and language rights as well as the unobserved rules of verbal and written obligations in exercising their rights, the “soft” norms should be adopted in principle for the rights and behaviors of citizens Model; for the government in language and language rights and responsibilities, you need to “hard law” norms mode setting; for the social norms of words is necessary in the “soft” standard based on the appropriate absorption “Hard law ” specification.