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连晚杂交水稻汕优6号根系的生长、氮吸收、氨基酸合成能力以及根系活力均超过其亲本三系和常规品种。干种子中α-淀粉酶的存在是杂种幼苗根系生长优势的重要生理基础。营养吸收优势表现在单株氮吸收速率上,并与地上部干物质生产有紧密的联系。从杂交水稻伤流液中分离出31种游离氨基酸,而氨基酸种类和浓度则受地上部营养的制约。生育中、后期缺氮和通气不良会导致根系活力降低;适施氮肥和改善通气条件可有效地提高根系活力,并防止早衰。此外,对杂种优势的早期诊断指标和产量预测指标进行了讨论。
The root growth, nitrogen uptake, amino acid synthesis and root vigor of Liangyou 6, a late hybrid rice, were more than those of their parents. The presence of α-amylase in dry seeds is an important physiological basis for the root growth of hybrid seedlings. The advantage of nutrient absorption is reflected in the rate of nitrogen absorption per plant and is closely related to the production of above-ground dry matter. 31 kinds of free amino acids were isolated from hybrid rice injury fluid, while the types and concentrations of amino acids were restricted by aboveground nutrition. Fertility, late nitrogen deficiency and poor ventilation will lead to lower root activity; appropriate nitrogen application and improve ventilation can effectively improve the root activity and prevent premature aging. In addition, the early diagnosis of heterosis and yield forecasting index were discussed.