血管平滑肌瘤来源于血管壁之平滑肌,多发生于身体表面皮下组织内,国内文献报告不多。本文报告17例,男11例,女6例,年龄27～56岁,30岁以上13例,占76.4％,发生在四肢13例,下肢8例,上肢5例,颈部、臀部、硬腭、多发性各1例。肿物圆滑,直径0.3～3.5cm,大多数在2cm以内,皮肤颜色无改变。肿物发生疼痛与压痛者8例。病理检查;肿瘤质硬,有完整包膜,切面呈灰红色,纤维条纹呈旋涡状。瘤细胞为分化良好的平滑肌细胞并呈束状围绕血管排列,瘤细胞与血管平滑肌细胞没有明显界限。采用苯胺兰与胶原纤维的特殊染色法以识别平滑肌。血管平滑肌瘤绝大多数为良性,恶性极少,判断良恶性主要以核多形性,核分裂相以及多细胞性为依据。 Vascular smooth muscle tumors originate from the smooth muscle of the blood vessel wall and occur in the subcutaneous tissues of the body surface. There are few reports in the domestic literature. This article reports 17 cases, 11 males and 6 females, aged 27 to 56 years old, 13 or over 30 years old, accounting for 76.4%, occurred in 13 cases of limbs, 8 cases of lower extremities, 5 cases of upper extremities, neck, hips, hard palate, Multiple cases each. The tumors are sleek, with a diameter of 0.3-3.5 cm, most of which are within 2 cm, and the skin color does not change. There were 8 cases of pain and tenderness in the tumor. Pathological examination; the tumor is hard, has a complete envelope, the cut surface is grayish red, and the fiber stripe is whirlpool-like. The tumor cells were well-differentiated smooth muscle cells and arranged in bundles around the blood vessels, and the tumor cells had no clear boundaries with the vascular smooth muscle cells. Specific staining of phenylamine blue and collagen fibers was used to identify smooth muscle. The vast majority of vascular leiomyomas are benign and rarely malignant, and judging benign and malignant lesions are mainly based on nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic facies and multicellularity.