内脏利什曼病(Kala-azar)以慢性反复发热,脾大,全血细胞减少,消瘦为特点。周围神经病报道较少。本文报道一例表现为严重Guillain-Barre’s综合征(GBS)。女,22岁,先后出现发热,肢体无力及吞咽困难,查体:四肢软瘫、肌张力低下,深反射消失。CSF显示明显蛋白、细胞分离(蛋白0.5g/l细胞数2个/dl)、IgG63.8、IgA2.3、IgM1.1mg/dl,肌电图呈 Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is characterized by chronic recurrent fever, splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and emaciation. Peripheral neuropathy less reported. This article reports a case of severe Guillain-Barre’s syndrome (GBS). Female, 22 years old, has fever, limb weakness and difficulty swallowing, physical examination: limbs soft paralysis, low muscle tone, deep reflex disappears. CSF showed obvious protein, cell separation (protein 0.5g / l cell number 2 / dl), IgG63.8, IgA2.3, IgM1.1mg / dl, EMG