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针对车用5052铝合金进行了高功率光纤激光搭接深熔焊试验研究,分析了光纤激光焊接的主要影响因素,并对接头组织和力学性能进行了测试。通过对车用铝合金光纤激光焊接特性的分析得出,传输光路的光纤芯径、板间间隙的大小、保护气体的种类和保护方式等对搭接接头形貌有着重要的影响。采用高功率光纤激光焊接时,速度快,熔池及热影响区(HAZ)窄。在适宜的焊接工艺参数下,光纤激光焊接接头上、下表面焊缝形貌平整连续;焊缝区显微硬度高于母材;接头抗拉伸强度高于抗拉剪强度,断口出现在搭接焊缝一侧的热影响区内,断口以韧窝形貌为主,属于以韧性断裂为主、脆性断裂为辅的混合断裂。
Aiming at the high power fiber laser lapped deep penetration welding experiment of 5052 aluminum alloy for vehicle, the main influencing factors of fiber laser welding are analyzed, and the joint organization and mechanical properties are tested. Through the analysis of laser welding characteristics of automotive aluminum alloy fiber, it is concluded that the diameter of optical fiber, the size of the gap between the plates, the type of protective gas and the protection method have important influence on the appearance of lap joint. High-power fiber laser welding, fast, molten pool and heat-affected zone (HAZ) narrow. Under proper welding parameters, the top and bottom surface of fiber laser welded joints are smooth and continuous, the microhardness of weld zone is higher than that of base metal, the tensile strength of joint is higher than that of tensile strength, In the heat-affected zone on the side of the weld, the fractures are dominated by dimples and dominated by ductile fractures and supplemented by brittle fractures.