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1983年春末至夏初,我国长江流域出现全流域型的反常多雨天气,为近60年中少见的四个特大洪水年之一,这次大范围长时期异常多雨的发生,与西北太平洋副热带高压的反常变化直接相关,而副高的反常变化,系与1982—1983年热带东太平洋海温的异常增暖和埃尔尼诺的出现,以及南方涛动,海上云量和海温距平分布的异常变化等相互关联,文中还揭示了一种存在于东、西太平洋(热带与副热带)及我国反常天气间的连锁关系,并发现在长江流域反常的大雨及明显的埃尔尼诺出现之前,约数月至半年左右,西北太平洋副热带高压,先有剧大的变化发生。
In the late spring and early summer of 1983, anomalous and rainy weather occurred in the whole basin in the Yangtze River basin in China. It is one of the four rare flood years in the last 60 years. The occurrence of anomalous and prolonged rain over a long period of time is consistent with that of the Northwest Pacific Subtropical High The anomalous changes in the subtropical high are directly related to the anomalous warming of SST in 1982-1983 and El Niño as well as the distribution of the Southern Oscillation, The paper also reveals a chain relationship between the anomalous weather in the East and the West Pacific (tropical and subtropical) and China, and finds that before the abnormal heavy rain in the Yangtze River Basin and the obvious El Niño, about A few months to six months or so, the Northwest Pacific subtropical high, the first dramatic change occurred.