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概述了以气体为热载体的石油烃直接加热裂解的主要工艺,分析对比了各裂解工艺的组成、运行条件、产物产率等技术经济指标,分别论述了其技术改进及发展状况.指出热载气体直接加热裂解工艺具有原料适用性广、产物分布灵活、热效率较高和受结焦影响小等优点,但同时也有运行时间短、缺乏系统性研究数据等不足;并对热载气体直接加热石油烃裂解的研究前景进行了展望,指出以氢氧燃烧产生的过热水蒸汽作为热载气体的直接加热裂解工艺技术,在提高换热效率、降低碳排放、连续除焦等方面有很大发展空间,尤其在扩大裂解原料范围、提高烯烃产率方面具有广阔前景.
In this paper, the main process of direct pyrolysis of petroleum hydrocarbons using gas as heat carrier is summarized. The technical and economic indexes of each pyrolysis process, such as the composition, operating conditions and product yield, are analyzed and compared. The technical improvement and development are discussed respectively. The gas direct pyrolysis process has the advantages of wide applicability of raw materials, flexible product distribution, high thermal efficiency and little influence by coking, but also has short running time and lack of systematic research data. The direct heating of petroleum hydrocarbons The prospect of pyrolysis is forecasted. It is pointed out that direct heating pyrolysis technology using superheated steam generated by oxy-combustion as hot carrier gas has great room for improvement in terms of heat transfer efficiency, carbon emission reduction and continuous decoking In particular, it has broad prospects for expanding the range of cracked raw materials and increasing the yield of olefins.