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目的:考证药用雄黄的基源、炮制、矿种等,比较古今药用雄黄的质量差异,调查雄黄的生产现状。方法:文献考证和实地调研。结果:古今所用的药用雄黄来源基本一致,雄黄矿伴生矿物较复杂,Pb等伴生元素及矿石中可能夹杂三氧化二砷是造成药用雄黄毒性和使用前需要炮制的重要原因之一。结论:药用雄黄在产地和炮制上有特殊的要求,不可盲目使用,明确产地和炮制方法是保证药用雄黄安全应用的有效手段。
Objective: To investigate the base of medicinal realgar, processing, mineral and so on, to compare the quality difference between ancient and modern medicinal realgar and investigate the production status of realgar. Methods: Textual research and field research. Results: The sources of medicinal realgar used in ancient and modern were basically the same. The associated minerals in realgar were more complicated. The accompanying elements such as Pb and the possible inclusion of arsenic trioxide in the ore were one of the important reasons for the toxicity of medicinal realgar and its preparation before use. Conclusion: Medicinal realgar has special requirements in origin and processing, and can not be used blindly. It is an effective means to ensure the safe application of medicinal realgar with clear origin and processing method.