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长期以来,在我国出口产品中,机械工业产品所占比重很小,获取外汇甚微。要引进我国经济发展急需的装备、元件和技术知识,需要支付大量的外汇,仅靠传统出口的物资是不够的。根据我国目前条件,应该扩大机械工业产品出口,尤其要注重零部件和锻件的出口。一、市场分析资本主义国家工业朝着高度专业化方向发展,自产铸锻件的厂家不多。由于生产的专业化,在供求之间形成了剧烈的竞争局面。各国生产和使用的锻件有进有出。在西方主要工业国中,意大利排行最未,其锻件年产50万吨,却向年产120万吨模锻件的美国出口。主要原因是,意大利工人平均工资仅为美国工人平均工资的50％,而它的锻件价格自然比美国锻件价格低廉。工人平均工资以人民币计,美国为10.7～
For a long time, in the export products of our country, the proportion of machinery industrial products is very small, and foreign exchange gains are minimal. To introduce the urgently needed equipment, components and technical knowledge for China’s economic development, a large amount of foreign exchange needs to be paid, and it is not enough to rely solely on traditional exports. According to China’s current conditions, it is necessary to expand the export of machinery industry products, especially the export of parts and forgings. I. Market Analysis The capitalist countries are developing in a highly specialized direction, and there are not many manufacturers who produce their own castings and forgings. Due to the specialization of production, a fierce competition situation has emerged between supply and demand. There are various forgings produced and used in various countries. Among the major industrial countries in the West, Italy ranks the least, with an annual output of 500,000 tons of forged parts, but exports to the United States with an annual output of 1.2 million tons of forgings. The main reason is that the average wage of Italian workers is only 50% of the average wage of American workers, and its forgings prices are naturally lower than American forgings. The average wage of workers is in RMB, which is 10.7 in the United States.