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目的鼠情监测是农区鼠害防控的基础,调查广东省农田害鼠种群数量的消长动态,并对不同方法反映的鼠密度指标进行分析比较,为科学灭鼠提供重要依据。方法先后采用鼠迹法和夹夜法调查样区鼠密度。鼠迹法:沿排灌渠或田埂设置2条调查线,调查线之间间隔50 m以上,在调查线上每隔5m设置20 cm×20 cm的泥台,每条路线各设50个泥台;夹夜法:每月布放300夹夜,夹距5m,夹线间距50m以上,鼠夹晚放晨收。结果广东省农田害鼠全年鼠密度变化呈双峰型,每年出现2个高峰期和2个低谷期,8月和12月为高峰期,9月和2-3月为低谷期;捕获率、鼠迹阳性率和鼠迹指数均能很好地反映鼠类种群数量的消长趋势,且相互间具有显著的线性正相关关系,线性回归方程分别为捕获率(Y)-鼠迹阳性率(X):Y=0.115X+1.119、捕获率(Y)-鼠迹指数(X):Y=0.333X-1.078,鼠迹阳性率(Y)-鼠迹指数(X):Y=2.766X-16.332。结论夹夜法和鼠迹法在广东省农区鼠情调查中各有优势,应根据具体情况选择使用。
Purpose Rodent surveillance is the basis of prevention and control of rodent pests in agricultural areas. The population dynamics of rodent pests in farmland in Guangdong Province are investigated. The rodent density indices reflected by different methods are analyzed and compared, which provide an important basis for scientific rodent control. Methods The rat pattern was investigated by mouse method and nocturnal method. Tracing method: Two investigation lines are arranged along the irrigation and drainage canal or ridge. The interval between survey lines is more than 50 m. A 20 cm × 20 cm mud pad is arranged every 5 m on the survey line. Each mud pad has 50 mud pads ; Law of the night: 300 clips per month placed night, clip 5m, clip spacing of more than 50m, rat clips put morning closing. Results The annual rat density changes of farmland pest rats in Guangdong Province showed a bimodal pattern, with two peak periods and two trough periods occurring each year, the peak periods in August and December and the trough periods in September and February to March. The catching rate , The positive rate of the mouse and the mouse index all can well reflect the growth and decline trend of the number of the mouse population, and have a significant linear positive correlation with each other. The linear regression equations are the capture rate (Y) - the positive rate of the mouse ( (Y) - Mouse Index (X): Y = 0.333X-1.078, Mouse Positive Rate (Y) - Mouse Index (X): Y = 2.766X- 16.332. Conclusion There are advantages in the night-time method and the mouse-path method in the investigation of rodents in rural areas in Guangdong Province. They should be selected according to the specific conditions.