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乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)是一种嗜肝性DNA病毒,感染后可导致急性和慢性肝炎,而慢性感染是导致肝硬化、肝癌和肝衰竭的主要病因。在乙型肝炎病毒复制、转录和相关疾病进程中,microRNA(miRNA)扮演着重要的角色。乙型肝炎病毒感染肝细胞后能引起细胞内microRNA表达谱的改变:一方面,microRNA能促进乙型肝炎病毒的转录和诱导宿主细胞向肿瘤细胞转化;另一方面,microRNA也能抑制乙型肝炎病毒包装和复制。重要的是,乙型肝炎病毒的感染能影响宿主血清microRNA的表达。因此,这类特殊的microRNA今后可成为乙型肝炎病毒相关疾病诊断的潜在生物标记物。将对乙型肝炎病毒与宿主microRNA之间相互作用及其相关生物学效应作一综述。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic DNA virus that causes acute and chronic hepatitis infections. Chronic infections are a leading cause of cirrhosis, liver cancer and liver failure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the process of hepatitis B virus replication, transcription and related diseases. On the one hand, microRNA can promote the transcription of hepatitis B virus and induce the transformation of host cells into tumor cells; on the other hand, microRNA can also inhibit hepatitis B Virus packaging and replication. Importantly, hepatitis B virus infection affects host serum microRNA expression. Therefore, such specific microRNAs may become potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus-related diseases in the future. The interactions between hepatitis B virus and host microRNAs and their related biological effects will be reviewed.