目的描述陕西省眉县儿童伤害发生的原因、地点及严重程度的分布现况,为制定科学的干预措施提供数据资料及基础依据。方法研究对象来自于陕西省眉县的3个监测哨点医院,同时收集2006—2012年因伤害首诊的儿童就诊资料及与伤害相关的信息。结果 2006—2012年共报告0~17岁儿童伤害病例3 561例,男、女童性别比为2.61∶1;伤害发生原因前3位依次为跌倒/坠落(31.56%)、道路交通(28.84%)以及钝器伤(13.82%),不同年龄组男、女童伤害原因构成差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为467.03,80.30,P值均<0.01)。儿童伤害频发于4—10月期间,发生时间主要集中于8:00—20:00;伤害的发生地点主要在公路/街道(32.91%)、家中(31.93%)以及学校与公共场所(22.69%),发生时的活动主要为休闲活动(51.36%);非故意伤害占监测到的伤害总数的86.89%,伤害发生部位最多的是头部(32.18%);43.39%的伤害患儿门诊治疗后回家,65.80%的伤害事件为轻度伤害。结论农村地区儿童伤害发生的原因与儿童的性别、年龄密切相关。儿童伤害预防应采取多部门合作的方式,对不同年龄段儿童开展有针对性的干预措施。 Objective To describe the causes, locations and severity distribution of children injuries in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province, and to provide data and basis for the development of scientific interventions. Methods The subjects were from three monitoring sentinel hospitals in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province. At the same time, information on children’s visits and injury-related information of the first diagnosis of injuries from 2006 to 2012 was collected. Results A total of 3 561 cases of harm among children aged 0-17 years were reported from 2006 to 2012, with a sex ratio of 2.61:1 for boys and girls. The top 3 causes of injuries were falling / falling (31.56%), road traffic (28.84%), And blunt trauma (13.82%). There were significant differences in the causes of injury between boys and girls in different age groups (χ2 = 467.03, 80.30, P <0.01 respectively). The incidence of childhood injuries was mainly between 8: 00-20: 00 in the period from April to October. Injuries occurred mainly at roads / streets (32.91%), at home (31.93%) and schools and public places (22.69 (51.36%); unintentional injuries accounted for 86.89% of the total number of injuries detected, and injuries occurred most frequently in the heads (32.18%); 43.39% of children with injuries were outpatient treatment After returning home, 65.80% of the injuries were mild injuries. Conclusion The causes of child injury in rural areas are closely related to the gender and age of the children. Prevention of child injury Multi-sectoral cooperation should be adopted to implement targeted interventions for children of different ages.