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进入二十世纪以来,特别是二次世界大战以后,随着科学技术的飞速发展及其对人类社会发展的推动作用日益显著,世界各国都非常重视教育事业。绝大多数国家除由宪法明确规定,受教育权是公民的基本权利和义务外,还制定专门的教育法或教育基本法,对教育的有关基本问题作出具体规定,以法律手段促进教育事业的发展。现对几个有代表性的国家教育法的有关内容作简要介绍。一、关于教育的基本原则教育的基本原则反映了教育活动的基本准则和一国发展教育事业的基本政策。不同的国家因政治体制、经济制度、文化传统和社会性质的不同,在教育法中对教育基本原则的规定也不尽相同。但概括起来,有以下几个共同原则:
Since the beginning of the 20th century, especially after the Second World War, with the rapid development of science and technology and its increasingly significant role in promoting the development of human society, all countries in the world attach great importance to education. In addition to being explicitly stipulated in the Constitution, most countries have the right to education as the basic rights and obligations of their citizens. They have also formulated special education laws or basic education laws that specifically stipulate the basic education-related issues and promote the development of education through legal means . The briefings on the contents of several representative national education laws are as follows. I. Basic Principles on Education The basic principles of education reflect the basic norms of educational activities and the basic policies of a country in developing education. Different countries have different stipulations on the basic principles of education in the Education Law due to the different political systems, economic systems, cultural traditions and social characteristics. But to sum up, there are several common principles: