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[目的]为了解福建省人群乙肝流行特征,于2006年进行乙肝感染的血清流行病学调查。[方法]采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,随机抽取福建省疾病监测点自然人群1~59岁居民3272人为研究对象。采用ELISA法检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc。[结果]乙肝各标化流行率分别为HBsAg14.3%、抗-HBs56.8%、抗-HBc58.5%。男性高于女性,农村高于城市。1~14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为86.4%,乙肝疫苗的保护率为77.1%(95%CI:73.8%~80.4%)。[结论]福建HBsAg携带率较1992年大幅下降,但仍为乙型肝炎的高流行区。免疫接种乙型肝炎疫苗对预防乙型肝炎病毒感染效果明显。
[Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in the population of Fujian Province, a serological epidemiological investigation of hepatitis B infection was conducted in 2006. [Methods] A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 3272 residents aged 1- 59 in the natural population of disease surveillance sites in Fujian Province as the research object. HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected by ELISA. [Results] The prevalence rates of HBsAg were HBsAg14.3%, anti-HBs56.8% and anti-HBc58.5% respectively. Men are higher than women, and rural areas are higher than cities. Hepatitis B vaccination rates for children aged 1 to 14 years were 86.4% and those for hepatitis B vaccines were 77.1% (95% CI: 73.8% to 80.4%). [Conclusion] The carrying rate of HBsAg in Fujian Province dropped significantly from 1992, but it still belonged to the high endemic area of hepatitis B. Immunization of hepatitis B vaccine to prevent hepatitis B virus infection effect is obvious.