球化现象是选区激光熔化(SLM)成形中的常见缺陷,是影响零件致密度及力学性能的关键因素之一。目前,国内外对SLM成形方面还处于初步阶段,对SLM成形中球化的成形理论、成形过程及控制方法研究还不够深入。本文从金属液与固体表面的润湿性问题和SLM成形中液滴飞溅两个方面阐述了球化的成形理论;从激光熔化金属粉末是否穿透粉层的角度分析了球化的成形过程;从氧含量和金属粉末熔化量等方面提出了球化的控制方法。 Spheroidization is a common defect in forming laser melting (SLM) forming and is one of the key factors that affect the density and mechanical properties of parts. At present, at home and abroad, the forming of SLM is still at an initial stage. The forming theory, forming process and control method of spheroidization in SLM are not deep enough. In this paper, the forming theory of spheroidization is described from two aspects: the wettability of molten metal and solid surface and the droplet splashing in SLM forming. The forming process of spheroidization is analyzed from the perspective of whether the laser melts the metal powder through the powder layer. From the oxygen content and the amount of metal powder melting and other aspects of the proposed ball control method.