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目的 了解高年级小学生性教育的现状,探讨性教育缺乏对小学生性心理健康的影响.方法 2020年9月～2020年12月,采用半结构式访谈法,对新乡市4所小学的20例教师和46例学生进行访谈.结果 学校并未开展科学系统的小学性教育,教师有70％认为有必要开展性教育,但是没有完善的课程体系和评价标准;学生对性相关知识懵懂,尤其是高年级小学生性相关知识和生理发育不同步,导致70％无法悦纳性征的出现、异性交往方式不当等,对其性心理健康产生了不同程度的影响.结论 开展小学性教育是必要的,需要构建适时适度的性生理知识体系,同时应关注高年级小学生的性心理健康.“,”Objective To understand the status quo of sex education of senior high school students in Xinxiang, and to explore the impact of lack of sex education on primary school students\'\' sexual health. Methods From September 2020 to December 2020, semi-structured interviews were conducted to interview 20 teachers and 46 students from two primary schools. Results The school did not carry out the science system of primary school sex education, 70％ of teachers thinks that it is necessary to carry out sex education, but there is no perfect curriculum system and evaluation criteria; students knowledge of sexual ignorance, especially senior secondary school students related knowledge and physical development not synchronized, resulting in 70％ can not accept the emergence of sexual signs, improper sexual intercourse, etc, its sexual health had a different degree of impact. Conclusion It is necessary to carry out primary school sex education, the need to build a timely and appropriate physiological knowledge system, and should pay attention to sexual health of senior grade pupils.