一、深圳、珠海部分外资企业的内迁,迫使两地重新探讨有关对策 改革开放后至1992年,深圳、珠海吸引外商投资者进入举办实业为世人瞩目,一大批外商投资企业得以建立并获得一定的发展。然而,近年来深圳、珠海尽管硬投资环境得到很大程度的改善,但由于软环境未尽完善,且人工费用、地价等生产成本上涨等,且两地有关部门对发展势态估计不足,片面强调引进和大力发展高新技术工业,而对曾经作过贡献的“三来一补”企业采取某些限制等等,造成两地外商投资企业,特别是“三来一补”企业先后内移。据1994年的统计,深圳、珠海有近两成半的各类企业内迁到顺德、中山、惠州、东莞等地,1995年仅珠海香洲区就有约200家这类企业转移去中山等地。面对这种大规模拓展高新工业还需要转换过程,而“三来一补”又陆续外移的状况,深圳和珠海不得不重新探讨对待“三来一补”企业的政策。例如珠海市重新提出“大、中、小”一起抓,适用技术的工业与中、高新技术工业一齐上。并且决定大幅度降低土地价格,尤其是工业用地降低五成,这是为了吸引外商来珠海办实业提供便利,进行第一次大幅度降低地价的举措。深圳则采取新时期的“前店后厂”新格局,即有意识地引导“劳动密集型”为主的“三来一补”企业或有关生产工序转移到周边地区或 First, the relocation of some foreign-funded enterprises in Shenzhen and Zhuhai forced the two places to re-discuss the relevant measures After the reform and opening up to 1992, Shenzhen and Zhuhai attract foreign investors to enter the industry for the world attention, a large number of foreign-invested enterprises to establish and obtain a certain development of. However, in recent years, although the hard investment environment has been greatly improved in Shenzhen and Zhuhai, due to the imperfect soft environment and the rising production costs such as labor costs and land prices, the relevant departments in both places underestimated the development momentum and unilaterally emphasized the introduction of And vigorously develop high-tech industries. However, certain restrictions on the “three, one, and one” enterprises that have made contributions have caused the inward investment of foreign-invested enterprises in the two places, especially the “three, one, and one” enterprises. According to the statistics of 1994, nearly 20% of all kinds of enterprises in Shenzhen and Zhuhai moved to Shunde, Zhongshan, Huizhou and Dongguan. In 1995, only about 200 such enterprises in Xiangzhou District of Zhuhai were transferred to Zhongshan and other places . In the face of such large-scale expansion of high-tech industries, there is still a need for a conversion process. However, the “three, one and one make-up” move away one after another. Therefore, Shenzhen and Zhuhai have to re-examine their policies on “three to one make-up” enterprises. For example, Zhuhai City re-proposed “big, medium and small” with the grasp, the application of technology industry and high-tech industries together. And decided to substantially reduce the price of land, especially the reduction of 50% of industrial land. This is to facilitate foreign investors to come to Zhuhai to provide business facilities and to conduct the first major drastic reduction of land prices. Shenzhen took the new pattern of “front shop and back shop” in the new era, that is, consciously guiding the “three-to-one-complement” enterprises based on “labor-intensive” or the relocation of production processes to the surrounding areas or