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运用交通出行满意度的调查数据,对北京市交通出行环境的空间分异状况进行了实证分析,并对造成空间分异的原因进行了解析。①空间分析结果表明,北京市交通出行环境表现出显著的地理空间和社会空间分异。目前北京市交通出行矛盾最严重的几个地区包括前门王府井地区,亚运村-北苑-天通苑地区,中关村和回龙观地区,东长安街以南的双井-劲松-南磨房-王四营乡一带,西北五环以外的香山-植物园地区,大兴黄村,通州区。②在交通出行行为方面,北京市居民分化为四个具有明显差异的组群,他们的空间分布呈现出显著的不均匀性特征。③公共交通布局规划对于提升满意度具有明显效果,其中,各地800 m范围内公共交通站点布局以及公交线路配置的作用尤其显著。在上述结论的基础上,分析了造成各地区交通出行矛盾的城市空间结构、土地利用规划、交通规划和公共政策方面的主要原因,提出了改善交通出行环境的对策。
Using the survey data of traffic satisfaction, this paper empirically analyzes the spatial distribution of traffic environment in Beijing and analyzes the causes of spatial differentiation. ① The results of spatial analysis show that the traffic environment of Beijing shows significant geographical and social spatial differentiation. At present, the most contradicting traffic accidents in Beijing include Wangfujing Qianmen, Yayuncun - Beiyuan - Tiantongyuan, Zhongguancun and Huilongguan areas, Shuangjing - Jinsong - Nanfang - Wangsiying Township south of East Chang’an Avenue In the area, the Fragrant Hills - Botanical Garden, Daxing Huangcun, Tongzhou District outside the Fifth Ring of the Northwest. (2) In terms of traffic travel behavior, Beijing residents were divided into four groups with significant differences, and their spatial distribution showed significant heterogeneity. ③ Planning of public transport layout has obvious effect on improving satisfaction. Among them, the layout of public transport stations within 800 m and the configuration of bus lines are especially significant. Based on the above conclusions, the paper analyzes the main causes of the urban spatial structure, land use planning, traffic planning and public policies that cause the contradiction of traffic travel in all regions and puts forward the countermeasures to improve the traffic environment.