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目的：应用巢式逆转录多聚酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测外周血循环肝癌细胞，并探讨其意义。方法：抽取２２例原发性肝癌患者及４９例对照组患者（肝炎后肝硬化１１例，转移性肝癌９例，其它肿瘤１５例，１４例健康人）周围静脉血５ｍｌ，应用巢式ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测其中的ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ。结果：共有１８例原发性肝癌血液标本检测到ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ（８１．８％），而对照组中均未检测到ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ，ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ的检出率与肝癌分期（ＴＮＭ）、血清ＡＦＰ浓度、肝内转移、门静脉癌栓，肿瘤大小及远处转移有明显联系（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ可作为定性诊断原发性肝癌血液学指标，也可作为肝癌细胞血液转移的标志，并可判断肝癌临床分期，转移倾向，预后和复发
Objective: To detect circulating hepatoma cells in peripheral blood by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and to explore its significance. Methods: Twenty-two patients with primary liver cancer and 49 patients with control group (11 cases of posthepatitic cirrhosis, 9 cases of metastatic liver cancer, 15 cases of other tumors, and 14 healthy subjects) peripheral blood 5ml were used for nested RT- PCR detects AFP mRNA. Results: AFPmRNA (81.8%) was detected in 18 hepatocellular carcinoma specimens, but no AFPmRNA was detected in the control group. The detection rate of AFPmRNA and stage of liver cancer (TNM), serum AFP concentration, intrahepatic metastasis were not detected. Portal vein thrombosis, tumor size and distant metastasis were significantly related (P<0.01). Conclusion: AFP mRNA can be used as a qualitative diagnosis of hepatocellular hematology index, can also be used as a marker of hepatoma cell metastasis, and can determine clinical stage, metastasis tendency, prognosis and recurrence of liver cancer.