室内模型试验以刚性地基上的刚性涵洞为研究对象,分析涵洞周边土体的作用机理,通过观测埋设于土体中的标志在分层填筑的砂性土自重作用下的沉降位移,得到不同填土高度下矩形断面和梯形断面中填土的沉降位移等值线图。并采用有限元方法模拟涵洞施工过程,所得模拟结果与试验结果比较吻合,从而验证了所建有限元模型的正确性以及参数选取的合理性,所得成果可作科学研究和工程设计参考。 In the indoor model test, the rigid culvert on the rigid foundation is taken as the research object to analyze the action mechanism of the soil around the culvert. By observing the subsidence and displacement of the flag embedded in the soil under the self-weight of the sandy soil stratified by the stratification, Contour map of settlement displacement of reclaimed earth in rectangular section and trapezoidal section at filling height. The finite element method is used to simulate the process of culvert construction. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the correctness of the finite element model and the rationality of parameter selection. The results can be used for scientific research and engineering design reference.