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目的分析2004-2013年济南市自然疫源性疾病疫情资料,为制定科学的防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2004-2013年济南市自然疫源性疾病疫情数据进行分析。结果 2004-2013年,济南市累计报告9种自然疫源性疾病1 248例,年均发病率为1.98/10万,死亡64例。2014-2013年各年度自然疫源性疾病报告病例数分别为250、139、94、108、90、73、70、78、106和240例。发病数居前3位为出血热(701例)、布病(278例)和乙脑(163例);疟疾、狂犬病、皮肤炭疽、斑疹伤寒、禽流感和登革热报告病例数分别为53、37、9、2、1和1例。死亡病例数居前3位为狂犬病(37例)、出血热(13例)和乙脑(11例)。各县市区均有自然疫源性疾病发生,章丘市、历城区和商河县发病数居前3位。各月均有发病,3月发病占9.21%,形成春季小高峰,8~10月发病占31.49%,形成明显的秋季高峰。男女发病性别比2.00:1,35~59岁年龄段发病占50.48%;农民(868例)、学生(91例)和工人(72例)发病居前3位。结论济南市自然疫源性疾病发病较为平稳,出血热、布病和乙脑是济南市主要的自然疫源性疾病,不同疾病上升和下降趋势不同,应加强疾病监测和宣传教育。
Objective To analyze the epidemic data of natural foci of Ji’nan city from 2004 to 2013 and provide the basis for making scientific prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of natural foci of Ji’nan in 2004-2013. Results From 2004 to 2013, a total of 1 248 cases of natural foci of 9 natural diseases were reported in Jinan City, with an average annual incidence of 1.98 / lakh and 64 deaths. The number of cases reported for natural foci of 2014-2013 was 250, 139, 94, 108, 90, 73, 70, 78, 106 and 240 respectively. The top three cases were hemorrhagic fever (701 cases), brucellosis (278 cases) and JE (163 cases). The reported cases of malaria, rabies, skin anthrax, typhus, avian influenza and dengue fever were 53, 37, 9, 2, 1 and 1 case. The top three deaths were rabies (37 cases), hemorrhagic fever (13 cases) and JE (11 cases). All counties and cities have natural foci of disease, Zhangqiu City, Licheng District and Shanghe County incidence top three. The incidence of each month, the incidence of March accounted for 9.21%, forming a small peak in spring, 8 to October incidence of 31.49%, forming a clear autumn peak. Sex ratio of male to female 2.00: The incidence of age from 1 to 35 to 59 accounted for 50.48%. The top 3 were peasants (868), students (91) and workers (72). Conclusion The incidence of natural foci of Ji’nan City is relatively stable. Hemorrhagic fever, brucellosis and JE are the major natural foci of Ji’nan City. The rising and falling trends of different diseases are different. Disease surveillance and publicity and education should be strengthened.