对于文学的一种最浅近最被普遍接受的看法恐怕就是认为文学是经验的表现。比如美国的文学博士查德.泰勒说文学“是要引导我们通过作家对生活经验有选择的直接描述,去认识人类存在的真谛。它不是要告诉我们人们是怎样活动和怎样感受的,而是要把我们卷入剧中人的行动中去,让我们对他们作出直接的反应。”即是说文学看重的是读者如何被“卷入”和“反应”。因为读者的千差万别,文学欣赏和文学批评也因此成为一件自由的和富于个性色彩的活动,最能激发人们的想象力和创造热情,享受创造的愉快。文学的魅力大约在此罢。但是只有这种“批评前反应”是不够的。理查德认为“停留于对内容的表面理解,那只是部分地享受,要充分地理解和欣赏文学,还要有较强的分析概括能力。”“读懂故事,理清情节线索,探究导致事件发生的内在原因,这只是研究严肃 One of the most recent and universally accepted views of literature is probably that literature is an expression of experience. For example, the American literature doctor Richard Taylor said that literature ”is to guide us through the author’s direct and selective description of life experience to understand the true meaning of human existence and not to tell us how people behave and how they feel Is to involve us in the actions of the dramatis personae and let us make a direct response to them. “That is to say, literature emphasizes how readers are” involved “and” reacted “. Because readers vary widely, literary appreciation and literary criticism therefore become a free and richly colored activity, which can stimulate people’s imagination and create enthusiasm to enjoy the pleasure of creation. The charm of literature is about this strike. But only this ”pre-criticism reaction“ is not enough. Richard believes that ”staying on the surface of the content understanding, it is only partially enjoy, to fully understand and appreciate literature, but also have a strong analytical ability to summarize.“ ”Read the story, clear the plot clues , To explore the underlying causes of the incident, it is only serious research