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近来有一些学者提出了“违约也是一种权利”的观点,即合同当事人有权既可以选择履行合同也可以选择不履行合同而承担相应的违约责任。其理论来源应是上世纪由法律经济分析学派提出的效率违约理论。本文从权利的特性以及效率违约理论角度入手,分析了该观点的矛盾之处,得出违约并非权利,法律对违约仍不应是正面评价的结论。
Recently, some scholars have put forward the notion that “breach of contract is also a right”. That is, the parties to a contract have the right to choose the contract or choose not to perform the contract and assume the corresponding liability for breach of contract. The theoretical source should be the theory of efficiency default proposed by the School of Law and Economic Analysis in the last century. Starting from the perspective of the characteristics of rights and the theory of efficiency default, this paper analyzes the contradictions of this view. It is concluded that the default is not the right, and the law should not be a positive assessment of default.